Humanistic legal institutions

Resolution No. 205/2025/QH15 on piloting the People's Procuracy's initiation of civil lawsuits to protect the civil rights of vulnerable groups and safeguard public interests (hereinafter referred to as Resolution 205) takes effect from January 1, 2026. The Resolution applies to the People's Procuracy, People's Courts, agencies, organizations, and individuals involved in initiating and resolving civil cases for public benefit. The subjects whose civil rights are protected include vulnerable groups or whose public interests are safeguarded.

Vulnerable groups whose personal and property rights are protected include: children, the elderly, people with disabilities, pregnant women, people with cognitive difficulties, those lacking civil capacity, and ethnic minorities residing in areas with particularly difficult socio-economic conditions. The public interest group includes public interests and the interests of the State in areas such as public investment, land, resources, other public assets, the environment, ecosystems, and cultural heritage. The promulgation of Resolution 205 has contributed to the improvement of the legal system on civil procedure, affirming the central role of the People's Procuracy in protecting the law and human rights, and meeting the requirements of judicial reform in the current period.

The Provincial People's Procuracy is implementing and disseminating Resolution No. 205/2025/QH15.

Immediately after receiving Resolution No. 205/2025/QH15 and guiding documents from the Supreme People's Procuracy, the Provincial People's Procuracy developed a systematic implementation plan. Ms. Hoang Thi Xuan, Deputy Chief Procurator of the Provincial People's Procuracy, said: Resolution 205 of the National Assembly is a very humane policy, clearly demonstrating the role of the People's Procuracy in protecting human rights, especially the civil rights of vulnerable groups and public interests. Son La is not yet a pilot locality, but we have clearly defined our responsibilities, proactively prepared work resources, raised awareness, and are ready for expanding our authority in the future. Initially, we will focus on detecting violations and loopholes in management to exercise our right to make recommendations. When recommendations are effective, and violations and loopholes are promptly resolved and rectified, there will be no need to initiate civil lawsuits. Therefore, this avoids initiating litigation and trials that are wasteful for the State and may cause inconvenience to the parties involved.

Room 9 plays a central role, directly advising the leadership of the Provincial People's Procuracy on the issuance of directives and guidelines for the implementation of Resolution No. 205. At the same time, it serves as the central point for receiving information and suggestions from the professional departments of the Provincial People's Procuracy and the regional People's Procuracies.

Comrade Hoang Thi Hoa, Head of Department 9, Provincial People's Procuracy, affirmed: Recognizing that this is a new, difficult, but especially important task, Department 9 has advised the leadership of the Provincial People's Procuracy to research, monitor, and summarize the situation; provide professional guidance; and prepare the necessary conditions regarding organization, personnel, and work procedures to serve the implementation of the task of initiating civil lawsuits and protecting the civil rights of subjects when the locality is assigned the task or when it is implemented throughout the entire sector.

Professional workshop on Resolution No. 205/2025/QH15.

The dissemination and promotion of the resolution has been intensified to contribute to raising awareness among agencies, organizations, and the people, creating social consensus so that the resolution can be implemented promptly. After more than a month of implementing the resolution, 100% of the regional procuratorates in the province have organized professional thematic activities at their units; and coordinated with some commune and ward People's Committees to disseminate the resolution's content to the people.

Putting the Resolution into practice

As one of the units actively implementing Resolution 205, the People's Procuracy of Region 1 focuses on disseminating and thoroughly understanding the resolution, raising awareness and professional skills for its prosecutors, and coordinating propaganda efforts at the grassroots level. The civil case supervision department of the Procuracy has established an electronic tracking log, recording the entire process of detecting, recommending, and handling related cases.

Through the exercise of prosecutorial powers and supervision in resolving criminal cases related to drugs, Prosecutor Tong Thanh Quynh of the People's Procuracy of Region 1 discovered that Ms. Vang Thi Nhu, born in 1980, was living as husband and wife with Mr. Giang A Dang, born in 1986, in Giang Phong village, Ngoc Chien commune. Currently, both Nhu and Dang have been arrested and detained for the crime of illegally trafficking narcotics. They have two children together: Giang A Xuan, born in 2018, and Giang Thi Thu Hien, born in 2022. However, neither child has been registered with a birth certificate as required by law, affecting their legal rights and interests, especially their personal rights, preventing them from enrolling in school and obtaining health insurance cards.

The Provincial and Regional People's Procuratorates worked with the People's Committee of Ngoc Chien commune.

Immediately after receiving the information, the People's Procuracy of Region 1 sought guidance from the Provincial People's Procuracy on handling the case in accordance with Resolution 205. Based on that, the prosecutor directly worked with the family and coordinated with the People's Committee of Ngoc Chien commune to verify and resolve the difficulties in the birth registration procedures for the two children, Giang A Xuan and Giang Thi Thu Hien.

Ms. Nguyen Thi Lan Huong, Deputy Director of the People's Procuracy of Region 1, said: "Within one week from the time the incident was discovered, we coordinated with the People's Committee of Ngoc Chien commune to resolve the issue and issue birth certificates to the children. This is the beginning, helping the children enjoy their legitimate rights as citizens."

Leaders of the People's Procuracy of Region 1 and Ngoc Chien commune presented birth certificates to Giang A Xuan and Giang Thi Thu Hien.

During the ceremony to present birth certificates to the two children, Mr. Giàng A Thanh, from Giạng Phổng village, the uncle of Xuân and Hiền, was deeply moved: "Thanks to the help of the officials, both children have been registered at birth. From tomorrow, they can go to school and receive health insurance coverage when they are sick. My family is very grateful and will do our best to provide them with a full education."

The People's Procuracy of Region 1 and Ngoc Chien commune offered support to the family of Mr. Giang A Thanh, Giang Phong village.

This is the first case in which the legitimate rights and interests of vulnerable groups are protected in accordance with Resolution 205. During the handling of the case, some citizens directly discussed with the prosecutor about cases of children who had not been registered at birth and received specific guidance on the procedures for registering and issuing birth certificates for eligible cases.

Distributing leaflets to publicize Resolution 205/2025/QH15 in Chiềng Cơi ward.

Mr. Lo Van Thoa, Vice Chairman of the People's Committee of Ngoc Chien commune, said: After receiving feedback and recommendations from the People's Procuracy of Region 1, the People's Committee of Ngoc Chien commune promptly reviewed the files, completed the procedures, and proceeded to issue birth certificates to the children in accordance with the law. Following this incident, the commune also reviewed and discovered more than 10 other cases of children who had not been registered at birth. With the cooperation of the Procuracy, the local authorities were able to promptly handle these cases, ensuring the legitimate rights of children in the area.

Leaders of the People's Procuracy of Region 1 and Chiềng Cơi Ward presented gifts to disabled children.

With proactiveness, creativity, and responsibility, the Son La Provincial People's Procuracy is gradually realizing the spirit of Resolution No. 205, preparing for the expansion of its authority in the future. The initial results not only affirm the role of the Procuracy in protecting the law but also spread humanitarian values, prioritizing human rights and the common good of society.

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